Hebrew and Aramaic Scriptures

 

Combinations of Letters, Vowels and Accents

 

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Hebrew Combinations of Letters, Vowels and Accents

and Their Encoding

 


 

Vowels and Accents

 

Vowels(s) Accents(s) Location Example MC Hex

(Unicode)

Patah

 

Zarqa

 

Ps 2:7

אָמַ֘ר

82 with A

0598 with 05B7

Hiriq

Ps 3:8

הֹושִׁ֘יעֵ֤נִי

82 with I

0598 with 05B4

Hataf Segol

Ps 4:2

אֱלֹ֘הֵ֤י

82 with :E

0598 with 05B1

?

?

Ps 1:1

 ?

?

?

 

 

 

Sin/Shin

 

 

Ge 3:18

(no Sin/Shin here)

 

 

Jos 17:10

וּבְיִשָּׂשכָ֖ר  

 

 

Jos 17:11

בְּיִשָּׂשכָ֣ר 

 

 

Jos 19:17 (twice)

לְיִ֨שָּׂשכָ֔ר, יִשָּׂשכָ֖ר

 

 

Jos 19:23

בְנֵֽי־יִשָּׂשכָ֖ר

 

 

Jos 21:6

מַטֵּֽה־יִשָּׂשכָ֣ר

 

 

 

Geresh and Telisha Qetana

De 5:15

וַיֹּצִ֨אֲךָ֜֩

 

 

 

Gereshayim and Telisha Gedola

Ge 5:29

זֶ֞֠ה

 

 

 

 Pazer and Zaqef Qatan

Ex 20:4 (twice)

וְכָל־תְּמוּנָ֡֔ה, מִמַּ֡֔עַל

 

 

 

 Geresh and Azla

Ex 20:10

וַאֲמָֽתְכָ֜֙

 

 

 

Zaqef Qatan and Pazer

De 5:8 (twice)

כָּל־תְּמוּנָ֔֡ה, מִמַּ֔֡עַל

 

 

 

Merkha and Mahapakh

Ex 20:6; De 5:10*

וְעֹ֥֤שֶׂה

   

Segol

Mahapakh and Munah

Ex 20:4; De 5:8

אֲשֶׁ֤֣ר

 

 

 

Mahapakh and Munah

? ?    

Qamats

Silluq and Atnach

Ex 20:5

לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י

   
De 5:9*, 18

לְשֹׂנְאָֽ֑י, תִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף

 

Meteg and Munah

Ex 20:3, 4*, 10 (twice)

לֹֽ֣א, לֹֽ֣א, לֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֣֨ה, וּבִנְךָֽ֣־וּ֠בִתֶּ֗ךָ

   
De 5:8 לֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֥ה־לְכ

Hiriq

Atnach and Silluq

Ex 20:2; De 5:6*

עֲבָדִֽ֑ים

   

Segol

Merkha and Munah

Ex 20:4, 5, 10

וַאֲשֶׁ֥֣ר, לֹֽא־תִשְׁתַּחְוֶ֥֣ה, אֲשֶׁ֥֣ר

   
De 5:9 לֹא־תִשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֥֣ה

Qamats

Merkha and Mahapakh

De 5:15

בְּיָ֤֥ד

   

Segol

Mahapakh and Merkha

De 5:15

כִּ֣י־עֶ֤֥בֶד

   

Tsere

Mahapakh and Munah

Ex 20:9

שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת

   

Patah

Merkha and Munah

Ex 20:4; De 5:8*

מִתַּ֥֣חַת

   

Qamats

Merkha and Munah

De 5:12

יְהוָ֥֣ה

   

Hiriq

Tipeha and Munah

Ex 20:9; De 5:13*

וְעָשִׂ֖֣יתָ

   

Qamats

Tipeha and Munah

Ex 20:10; De 5:14*

שַׁבָּ֖֣ת׀

   

Patah

Tipeha and Munah

De 5:8

בַּמַּ֖֣יִם׀

   
 

Munah and Tipeha /

Tipeha and Munah

Ex 20:14, 15*;

לֹ֣֖א, לֹ֣֖א

   
De 5:18, 19*

וְלֹ֖֣א, וְלֹ֖֣א

Qamats

Munah and Tipeha

De 5:14

שַׁבָּ֖֣ת׀ (These are not in the order as stated)

   

Tsere

Munah and Mahapakh

De 5:13

שֵׁ֤֣שֶׁת (These are not in the order as stated)

   
 

Tipeha and Silluq

?

     

Qamats

Tipeha and Silluq

Ex 20:13

תִּֿרְצָֽ֖ח

   

 

Munah and Tevir

De 5:12

שָׁמֹ֣֛ור

   
 

Silluq and Atnach

De 5:14

כָּמֹֽ֑וךָ

   
 

Atnach and Silluq

(no e.g., but see above)

     
 

Zaqef Qatan and Revia

Ex 20:10;

וּבְהֶמְתֶּ֔֗ךָ

   
De 5:15 מִצְרַ֔֗יִם

Qamats

Atnach and Silluq

Ex 20:14

תִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף

   

Tsere

Munah and Merkha

Ex 20:2

מִבֵּ֣֥ית

   
De 5:6 (There is no combination of this in De 5:6)
 

Merkha and Tipeha

Ex 20:13; De 5:17*

לֹ֥֖א

   

Qamats

Tipeha and Munah

De 5:12

צִוְּכָ֖֣׀ 

   
 

Merkha and Munah

Ex 20:4

תַֽעֲשֶׂ֨ה־לְכָ֥֣, וַאֲשֶׁ֥֣ר, מִתַּ֥֣חַת

   

De 5:8

First 3 are from Ex, last 2 are from De, but Merkha and Munah are used in combination with Qamats, Segol, Patah, Qamats and Patah respectively - should they be separated and listed with the vowels?

 

לֹֽ֣א־תַעֲשֶׂ֥ה־לְכָ֥֣  מִתַּ֥֣חַת

Patah

Tipeha and Munah

Ex 20:4

בַּמַּ֖֣יִם׀

   

 

Zaqef Qatan and Geresh (Note: De 5:14 is not in this order, otherwise it's the same word)

Ex 20:10

הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔֜י  

   

De 5:14

הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜֔י

 

Pazer and Geresh

Ex 20:10

כָל־מְלָאכָ֡֜ה

   

Holam

Gereshayim and Telisha Qetana (with Holam in between)

Zep 2:15 (an example outside Ex 20 and De 5)

זֹ֞֠את  (Note: Holam dot is not between Gereshayim and Telisha Qetana)

   

 

Gereshayim and Revia

De 5:15

וְזָכַרְתָּ֞֗ 

   

Qamats

Kaf (final) and Darga

Ecc 5:1

וְלִבְּךָ֧

   
Jer 15:13 חֵילְךָ֧
1Ki 8:33, 53; 20:5, 32

עַמְּךָ֧ , בְּהֹוצִיאֲךָ֧ , כַּסְפְּךָ֧ , עַבְדְּךָ֧

2Ch 6:24

עַמְּךָ֧
De 4:38; 26:16, 19

לָֽתֶת־לְךָ֧ , מְצַוְּךָ֧ , וְלִֽהְיֹתְךָ֧

2Sa 11:25 מִלְחַמְתְּךָ֧

Qamats

Kaf (final) and Mahapakh

Ge 22:2; 24:40; 28:2; 40:13; 44:18

אֶת־יְחִֽידְךָ֤

Ge 24:40 is with Pashta

וְקַח־לְךָ֤

Ge 40:13 is with Tipeha

עַבְדְּךָ֤

   
Jos 17:15

Jos 17:15 is with Munah, or Tipeha, or Pashta

Eze 2:7; 3:3; 11:17

There is no final Kaf with anything in Eze 2:7

בִּטְנְךָ֤

There is no final Kaf with anything in Eze 11:17

 

Etnahta and Meteg (left)

Ge 35:22

יִשְׂרָאֵֽ֑ל

   
Ex 20:2, 14

עֲבָדִֽ֑ים, תִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף

De 5:6 עֲבָדִֽ֑ים

Rafe

NOTE: The Rafe, in the printed edition, appears only in these places, although the ms has it above almost every letter.

Ex 20:13, 14, 15

תִּֿרְצָֽ֖ח, תִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף, תִּֿגְנֹֽ֔ב

, (comma)

05BF

De 5:13, 17, 18, 19 כָּֿל־, תִּֿרְצָֽח, תִּֿנְאָֽ֑ף, תִּֿגְנֹֽ֔ב
2Sa 11:1 הַמַּלְאֿכִ֗ימ
Ps 119:99 לִֽֿי
Isa 22:10 וַתִּתְֿצוּ֙
Jer 20:17 וְרַחְמָ֖הֿ
Ze 5:11 ־לָ֥הֿ

 

* Where the same word appears in two references, the word is not repeated; where the same word appears in multiple references, it is repeated.

 

Presentation Forms

 

 

Shape Name

Code

= Combination Shape Name Code = Combination

יִ

Yod with Hiriq

FB1D

05D9

י

05B4

ִ

Vav with Dagesh

FB35

05D5

ו

05BC

ּ

 

Alternative Ayin (this form of Ayin has no descender; it is for use with marks placed below the letter

FB20

<font>05E2

ע

 

 

Zayin with Dagesh

FB36

05D6

ז

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Alef

FB21

<font>05D0

א

 

 

Tet with Dagesh

FB38

05D8

ז

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Dalet

FB22

<font>05D3

ד

 

 

Yod with Dagesh

FB39

05D9

י

05BC

ּ

 

Wide He

FB23

<font>05D4

ה

 

 

Final Kaf with Dagesh

FB3A

05DA

ך

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Kaf

FB24

<font>05DB

כ

 

 

Kaf with Dagesh

FB3B

05DB

כ

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Lamed

FB25

<font>05DC

ל

 

 

Lamed with Dagesh

FB3C

05DC

ל

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Final Mem

FB26

<font>05DD

ם

 

 

Mem with Dagesh

FB3E

05DE

מ

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Resh

FB27

<font>05E8

ר

 

 

Nun with Dagesh

FB40

05E0

נ

05BC

ּ

 

Wide Tav

FB28

<font>05EA

ת

 

 

Samekh with Dagesh

FB41

05E1

ס

05BC

ּ

 

Alternative Plus Sign

FB29

<font>002B

+

 

 

Final Pe with Dagesh

FB43

05E3

ף

05BC

ּ

שׁ

Shin with Shin Dot

FB2A

05E9

ש

05C1

ׁ

Pe with Dagesh

FB44

05E4

פ

05BC

ּ

שׂ

Shin with Sin Dot

FB2B

05E9

ש

05C2

ׂ

Tsadi with Dagesh

FB46

05E6

צ

05BC

ּ

שּׁ

Shin with Dagesh and Shin Dot

FB2C

FB49

שּ

05C1

ׁ

Qof with Dagesh

FB47

05E7

ק

05BC

ּ

שּׂ

Shin with Dagesh and Sin Dot

FB2D

FB49

שּ

05C2

ׁ

Resh with Dagesh

FB48

05E8

ר

05BC

ּ

אַ

Alef with Patah

FB2E

05D0

א

05B7

ַ

Shin with Dagesh

FB49

05E9

ש

05BC

ּ

אָ

Alef with Qamats

FB2F

05D0

א

05B8

ָ

Tav with Dagesh

FB4A

05EA

ת

05BC

ּ

אִ

Alef with Hiriq

FB30

05D0

א

05B4

ִ

Vav with Holam

FB4B

05D5

ו

05B9

ֹ

בּ

Bet with Dagesh

FB31

05D1

ב

05BC

ּ

Bet with Rafe

FB4C

05D1

ב

05BF

ֿ

גּ

Gimel with Dagesh

FB32

05D2

ג

05BC

ּ

Kaf with Rafe

FB4D

05DB

כ

05BF

ֿ

Dalet with Dagesh

FB33

05D3

ד

05BC

ּ

Pe with Rafe

FB4E

05E4

פ

05BF

ֿ

He with Dagesh (Mapiq)

FB34

05D4

ה

05BC

ּ

Ligature: Alef Lamed

FB4F

05D0

א

05DC

ל

 

 

 

 


 

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