11QPs^a

Dated in the first half of the first century C.E. Published in DJD IV, p. 38 and Plate XXI.

11QT 

Believed to have been composed at the end of the first century B.C.E. or at the beginning of the first century C.E. Edition: The Temple Scroll. Edited by Yigael Yadin. Volume Three, Plates and Text, Jerusalem, 1977

1QIs^a

The First Isaiah Scroll, about 125-100 B.C.E. Edition: Scrolls from Qumran Cave I, Jerusalem, 1972

4QDeut^q

Considered to have been written in the second half of the first century B.C.E. or the beginning of the first century C.E. Published in DJD XIV, pp. 137-142 and Plate XXXI.

4QExod^b

Dated to 30 B.C.E.—20 C.E. Published in DJD, XII, pp. 79-95 and Plates XIV-XV.

א

Codex Sinaiticus, fourth cent. C.E., British Museum

A 

Codex Alexandrinus, fifth cent. C.E., British Museum

Al

Aleppo Codex, c. 930 C.E., Israel

Aq

Aquila’s Gr. translation of Hebrew Scriptures, second cent. C.E., Cambridge, England

Aram.

Aramaic (in ms B19^A)

B               

Codex Vaticanus, fourth cent. C.E., Vatican City, Rome

B19^A

Codex B19^A, 1008.  National Library of Russia, St. Petersburg

BHK

תורה נביאים וכתובים Biblia Hebraica edidit Rud. Kittel. Editionem septimam auxerunt et emendaverunt A. Alt et O. Eissfeldt. Editio sexta decima emendata. Württembergische Bibelanstalt, Stuttgart, 1973.

BHL

תורה נביאים וכתובים Biblia Hebraica Leningradensia.  Prepared according to the Vocalization, Accents, and Masora of Aaron ben Moses ben Asher in the Leningrad Codex.  Edited by Aron Dotan, Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody, Massachusetts, 2001.

BHS

תורה נביאים וכתובים Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia ediderunt K. Elliger et W. Rudolph. Editio quinta emendata opera A. Schenker.  Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart, 1997.

C

Codex Ephraemi rescriptus, Gr., fifth cent. C.E., Paris

Ca

Cairo Codex, 895 C.E., Cairo, Egypt

DJD

Discoveries in the Judean Desert, Oxford, I— (1955--)

Eng.

English

Gins.         

Massoretico-Critical Text of the Hebrew Bible, by C. D. Ginsburg, London, 1926

Gins.^Int

Introduction to the Massoretico-Critical Edition of the Hebrew Bible, by C. D. Ginsburg, Ktav Publishing House, New York, 1966 reprint

Gins.^Mas

The Massorah, by C. D. Ginsburg, Ktav Publishing House, New York, 1975 reprint

Gr.

Greek (LXX)

Heb.

Hebrew (in ms B19^A)

Heb3B

Codex St. Petersburg Heb3B, 916 C.E. Edition: H. Strack, Prophetarum Posteriorum Codex Babylonicus Petropolitanus, Petropoli 1876

It

Itala, all Old Latin witnesses as group, second to fourth cent. C.E.

It^gig

Itala, ms of Old Latin version, 13th cent. C.E., Stockholm

JTS

Journal of Theological Studies, Clarendon, Oxford

Lat.

Latin (Vg)

LXX

Septuaginta. Id est Vetus Testamentum graece iuxta LXX interpretes edidit Alfred Rahlfs. Editio octava. Bibelgesellschaft, Württembergische Bibelanstalt, Stuttgart, [1935].

LXX^A

See A

LXX^B

See B

LXX^Bagster

Septuagint (with an English translation by Sir Lancelot Brenton, S. Bagster & Sons, London, 1851)

LXX^L

Septuagint (P. de Lagarde, Göttingen, Germany, 1883)

LXX^Thomson

Septuagint, translated by C. Thomson, Pells ed., London, 1904

ms/mss

manuscript/manuscripts

NW

New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, Brooklyn, 1984 revision

Sam

August von Gall, Der hebräische Pentateuch der Samaritaner. Giessen 1914-1918.

Sup

Superscription

Sy

All the Syriac versions

Sym

Greek translation of Hebrew Scriptures, by Symmachus, c. 200 C.E.

T

Targums, Aram. paraphrases of parts of the Hebrew Scriptures

T^J

Jerusalem Targum I (Pseudo-Jonathan) and Jerusalem Targum II (Fragmentary Targum)

T^O

Targum of Onkelos (Babylonian Targum), Pentateuch

T^P

Palestinian Targum, Vatican City, Rome, Pentateuch

Th

Greek translation of Hebrew Scriptures, by Theodotion, second cent. C.E.

Vg

Biblia Sacra iuxta Vulgatam versionem adiuvantibus Bonifatio Fischer OSB, Iohanne Gribomont OSB, H. F. D. Sparks, W. Thiele recensuit et brevi apparatu instruxit Robertus Weber OSB. Editio tertia emendata quam paravit Bonifatio Fischer OSB cum sociis H. I. Frede, Iohanne Gribomont OSB, H. F. D. Sparks, W. Thiele. Tomus I Genesis-Psalmi. Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, Stuttgart, [1983]. Tomus II Proverbia-Apocalypsis, Appendix. Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, [Stuttgart, 1983].

Vg^c

Biblia Sacra Vulgatae editionis Sixti Quinti Pont. Max. issu recognita atque edita. Rome, 1592

Vg^s

Biblia Sacra Vulgatae editionis ad concilii Tridenti praescriptum emendata et a Sixto V. P. M. recognita et approbata. Rome, 1590

vs/vss

verse/verses

VT

Vetus Testamentum, E. J. Brill, Leiden, I— (1951--)

^*

Ketiv reading

^**

Qere reading

*

Footnote indicator